German Essential Grammar

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German Essential Grammar

Chapter 1 Pronunciation 1
1.1 Vowels 1
1.2 Diphthongs 3
1.3 Consonants 3
1.4 Stress 7
1.5 Regional variants 8
Chapter 2 Spelling 9
2.1 Indicating vowel length 9
2.2 Use of the Umlaut 9
2.3 Use of capital letters 10
2.4 Use of the hyphen 10
2.5 The new spelling 11
2.6 The alphabet 12
Chapter 3 Punctuation 13
3.1 Commas 13
3.2 Colons with direct speech 15
3.3 Inverted commas/quotation marks 15
3.4 Exclamation marks 16
Chapter 4 Case 17
4.1 Case endings on nouns 18
4.2 Other uses of the nominative case 20
4.3 Other uses of the accusative case 20
4.4 The genitive case