Arabic essential grammar

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Arabic essential grammar



1 Arabic script, transliteration and alphabet table 1
2 Pronunciation of consonants 5
3 Punctuation and handwriting 9
4 Vowels 13
5 Suku¯ n, sˇaddah, noun cases and nunation as indefinite form 17
6 Long vowels, alif maqs
˙
u¯ rah, dagger or miniature alif, word
stress and syllable structure 21
7 Hamzah (hamzatu l-qat
˙
i) and the maddah sign 26
8 Definite article ... أَلْ al..., nominal sentences, verbal
sentences, word order and adjectives 31
9 Sun and moon letters, hamzatu l-was
˙
li (was
˙
lah) 39
10 Gender 46
11 Conjunctions, prepositions and the particle حَتَّى h
˙
atta¯ 51
12 Id
˙
a¯ fah construction (genitive attribute) and the five nouns 61
13 Number: dual and plural 70
14 Perfect tense verbs, root and radicals, triliteral verbs and
word order 78
15 Separate personal pronouns and suffix pronouns 87
16 Demonstrative, reflexive and reciprocal pronouns 98
17 Imperfect tense verb in the indicative and word order 106
18 Derived verb forms (stems), roots and radicals, transitive
and intransitive verbs 115
19 Passive verbs 128
20 Rules for writing the hamzah (hamzatu l-qat
˙
i) 135
21 Broken plurals and collective nouns 144
22 Triptotes and diptotes 151