1-Today a very wide spectrum of biological scientists are needed, both to develop the biotechnology of the next millennium and to ensure the ---- of life in our planet.
A. explanation
B. process
C. exhaustion
D. duration
E. conservation
2- If you want that post you'd better apply quickly; the last day for ---- applications is Friday. A. reversing
B. withholding
C. enforcing
D. submitting
E. committing
3- In this paper, I would like to report some of the results of an ---- study of two hundred London families. A. extreme
B. intrinsic
C. intensive
D. emphatic
E. apparent
4- Recent studies have shown that smokers are more ---- to common colds and flu than non-smokers. A. feasible
B. susceptible
C. applicable
D. reliableA
E. responsible
5- For the present, the party is expected to put its differences aside and campaign ---- for a victory at the forthcoming elections. A. vigorously
B. awkwardly
C. precisely
D. distinctly
E. reluctantly
6- Industry has developed rapidly in certain countries as raw materials are ---- available there. A. repeatedly
B. scarcely
C. consequently
D. abundantly
E. indefinitely
7-
I wasn't at all impressed by the ---- he gave me. A. distribution
B. explanation
C. determination
D. complication
E. negotiation
8- Now that formal ---- has been given by the government, the project team can be recruited.
A. reference
B. apprehension
C. approval
D. expression
E. determination
9- Certain new findings suggest that young calves may be more ---- than older cows to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE).
A. reluctant
B. hazardous
C. intimate
D. susceptible
E. relative
10- Champions of the green movement regard the internal combustion machine as one of the biggest ---- in history.
A. disasters
B. rejections
C. admissions
D. denials
E. illusions
11- The distinction between a language and a dialect is a ---- difficult one.
A. precisely
B. notoriously
C. compulsively
D. suitably
E. flexibly
12-Japan is often ---- as an example of a country that has managed to keep its national defence orientated industries entirely separate from foreign-owned companies.
A. deduced
B. delayed
C. deceived
D. withdrawn
E. cited
13- The general feeling in the court was that several of the witnesses were ---- information that could have a direct bearing upon the case.
A. expressing
B. withholding
C. avoiding
D. disrupting
E. declining
14- Acid rain only became a ---- environmental issue in the 1980s following groundbreaking studies in the 1970s.
A. previous
B. deceitful
C. reckless
D. destructive
E. prominent
15- Using the dam to generate power would not ---- the treaty with the neighbouring country, but diverting water out of the river would.
A. intimidate
B. betray
C. violate
D. convert
E. fetch
16-The ---- that terrorists use to move money from regions that finance them to their target country are often identical to those used by criminal gangs.
A. regulations
B. methods
C. provisions
D. laws
E. admissions
17- In the wake of yet another financial scandal, the chief accountant handed in his ---- to the director.
A. retirement
B. redundancy
C. promotion
D. resignation
E. vacancy
18- The American constitution, with its various constraints ---- to protect citizens, can actually shield criminals.
A. discovered
B. complained
C. persuaded
D. designed
E. displayed
19- As the new field-worker will be working in close ---- with several others, make sure you select someone with an agreeable personality.
A. uniformity
B. suspicion
C. collaboration
D. discretion
E. productivity
20- Sponsorship is being increasingly allowed in schools provided it is regarded as being ---- with educational curricula.
A. considerate
B. predictable
C. decisive
D. compatible
E. provocative
21- The discovery of a ---- cancer-causing chemical in foods like crisps, chips and cereals caused shock waves around the world when it hit the headlines earlier this year.
A. potentially
B. remarkably
C. concisely
D. memorably
E. controversially
22- Each year, large amounts of carbon monoxide are ---- into the atmosphere by automobiles and factories.
A. absorbed
B. emitted
C. exchanged
D. repulsed
E. compelled
23-A fresh look at the final months of the presidency of John F. Kennedy ---- that a second Kennedy term might have produced a rapprochement with Cuba.
A. promises
B. describes
C. inflicts
D. indicates
E. involves
24- Sometimes a seemingly modest business deal can change the whole ---- of an industry.
A. expansion
B. expression
C. course
D. relapse
E. vitality
25-He admitted that he was resigning from the post because he felt it did not make sufficient call on the combative and ---- elements of his nature.
A. introverted
B. self-assertive
C. reserved
D. self-contained
E. submissive
26- If he wants the contract, he must let us know by Tuesday; we can't keep the offer open ----.
A. infinitely
B. decisively
C. conclusively
D. reluctantly
E. indefinitely
27- Many African governments are ---- financial collapse and survive only on the strength of aid and donations from international organizations.
A. in line with
B. in the case of
C. in excess of
D. on the verge of
E. in place of
28- Their Prime Minister has been able to act more aggressively in the past year because he has
---- his power within the government.
A. recommended
B. reduced
C. compelled
D. consolidated
E. impaired
29- The auroras are caused by the ---- of solar winds with gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
A. intersection
B. completion
C. interaction
D. perception
E. distraction
30- It seems strange to us now that miners and others employed in dangerous work should not have demanded the provision of ---- headgear.
A. forceful
B. obstructive
C. relentless
D. protective
E. intensive
31-In the past 30 years, our knowledge of the ancient Maya civilization has increased ---- as a result of the decipherment of a newly discovered script.
A. significantly
B. alternatively
C. suspiciously
D. persuasively
E. conditionally
32- ---- providing luxury on every imaginable level, a five-star hotel should also have the ability to take you by surprise.
A. With a view to
B. In excess of
C. Consequent on
D. In need of
E. In addition to
33- Ancient Peruvian textiles have survived in an excellent state of preservation ---- the dry conditions of much of the country.
A. with regard to
B. in comparison with
C. in case of
D. owing to
E. in opposition to
34- These novels illustrate the author's ---- for the struggles of young people and the proper help that should be given.
A. deceit
B. obligation
C. alteration
D. disturbance
E. concern
35- The quartet's rendering of Mozart is ---- good, but l have mixed feelings about the Schubert collection.
A. exceptionally
B. sensitively
C. preferably
D. impulsively
E. impartially
36- The book is surprisingly lucid and manages to make the controversial field of evolutionary psychology ---- to the average intelligent reader.
A. susceptible
B. conducive
C. available
D. indulgent
E. exclusive
37- America's subsidies to its cotton farmers have long been a noteworthy example of the harm that rich countries' subsidies ---- on the poor.
A. enforce
B. provide
C. exceed
D. inflict
E. employ
38- Unless you use your computer ----, you can't expect it to function well.
A. surely
B. particularly
C. recently
D. properly
E. soundly
39- It's worth remembering that his ---- of the downward trends in output over recent years is not the only one.
A. interpretation
B. departure
C. compliance
D. discretion
E. intention
40- In the case of opera, the benefits of being able to experience the whole production from the comfort of your armchair are very ----.
A. subtle
B. demonstrative
C. deliberate
D. excessive
E. attractive
41-For the control of the deadly brain disease in cows (BSE), surveillance is being stepped up in Canada, but the US claims to be testing enough cattle already to ---- the risk.
A. assert
B. assess
C. consult
D. exceed
E. discourage
42-In an aircraft, the cabin lights are dimmed during take-off and landing to help passengers to ---- themselves to darkness in the event of an emergency.
A. modify
B. accustom
C. resume
D. associate
E. relate
43- A fair proportion of the workforce now work from their homes, a ---- that has been made possible by computers.
A. disturbance
B. destination
C. circumstance
D. support
E. denial
44- North Korea is ---- to abandon its nuclear programme without specific security guarantees from America and promises of lots of aid.
A. sincere
B. nasty
C. boastful
D. unlikely
E. provisional
45-Pharmaceutical firms are wary of devoting money to new antibiotics whose sales can be ---- limited by the development of resistance in the target microbes.
A. accurately
B. adequately
C. severely
D. complacently
E. confidently
46- The laws concerning the breeding of animals for research could turn out to be to the ---- of medical research.
A. admission
B. detriment
C. exclusion
D. preference
E. cohesion
47- At present, interest rates are comparatively ----; let’s hope they remain that way.
A. frequent
B. uneasy
C. consecutive
D. comprehensive
E. steady
48- In some parts of Western Europe, ---- in France, Denmark and Sweden, cohabitation has become almost as common as marriage.
A. completely
B. deceptively
C. notably
D. voluntarily
E. relatively
49- What are some of the things that differentially affect siblings and help ---- their success or failure?
A. pursue
B. recognize
C. recreate
D. determine
E. reinstate
50- A strong ---- exists between a country’s wealth and the freedom afforded its citizens.
A. coincidence
B. correlation
C. consideration
D. determination
E. interpretation
51- Satellite television transmission now makes it ---- for us to watch events as they unfold in other countries.
A. worldwide
B. substantial
C. aware
D. commonplace
E. liable
52- Latin American countries on average export only about 10 per cent of their products to other Latin American countries but ---- 20 per cent of them to the US.
A. almost
B. fairly
C. respectively
D. initially
E. extensively
53- Until the sixteenth century, when the first international postal agreement was ----, there was no postal system as we know it today.
A. assigned
B. maintained
C. enacted
D. seized
E. conducted
54- Volcanoes are built by the ---- of their own eruptive products, which are lava, ash flows, airborne ash and dust.
A. accumulation
B. destruction
C. explosion
D. instability
E. growth
55- China and India serve as models for Africa because their experiences hold lessons for developing countries on how to manage ---- economic and political transformation.
A. deceitful
B. persuasive
C. accessible
D. irregular
E. gradual
56-In the largely closed economies of the Gulf, private as well as public funds have ---- turned to real estate and equity markets, fuelling a dangerous speculative boom.
A. unlikely
B. nominally
C. rapidly
D. still
E. tightly
57-Certain nations have ---- the use of prenatal diagnostic techniques to select the sex of an unborn child; but, bribery and human ingenuity have made it easy for prospective parents to by-pass the statute.
A. removed
B. outlawed
C. explored
D. sustained
E. retained
58-Anthony Powell, the contemporary British novelist, shows in his writing great familiarity with the work of Proust while avoiding much direct ---- to him.
A. interest
B. dependence
C. quotation
D. reference
E. obsession
59-Despite its small population and ---- remoteness, Australia occupies a powerful position in global science in general and life science in particular.
A. ultimate
B. sizeable
C. relative
D. extensive
E. recurrent
60-The Allied bombing campaign against Germany in World War II exacted terrible damage on the country’s factories, transportation network, population, and ---- very limited fuel-production capacity.
A. already
B. solely
C. immediately
D. inadequately
E. rightly
61- Soccer’s many creative possibilities ---- in part from its being played on such a large field.
A. entail
B. consist
C. conclude
D. claim
E. derive
62-The genetic fingerprinting technique, which was developed in the UK and is now used as a ---- of legal identification, determines the pattern of certain parts of the genetic material DNA that is unique to each individual.
A. benefit
B. structure
C. sufficiency
D. combination
E. means
63- In existentialism, it is argued that people are responsible for, and the ---- judge of, their actions.
A. expansive
B. sole
C. previous
D. irresistible
E. prevalent
64-By the start of the 1990s, popular music had become ---- globalized, with seventy per cent of all production resting in the hands of just five companies.
A. possibly
B. rarely
C. negligently
D. significantly
E. respectively
65-The League of Nations, established in Geneva in 1920, included representatives from states throughout the world, but was severely weakened by the US decision not to become a member, and had no power to ---- its decisions.
A. impress
B. compel
C. accomplish
D. implicate
E. enforce
ANSWER KEY 1 E 11 B 21 A 31 A 41 B 51 D 61 E
2 D 12 E 22 B 32 E 42 B 52 A 62 E
3 C 13 B 23 D 33 D 43 C 53 C 63 B
4 B 14 E 24 C 34 E 44 D 54 A 64 D
5 A 15 C 25 B 35 A 45 C 55 E 65 E
6 D 16 B 26 A 36 C 46 B 56 C 66
7 B 17 D 27 D 37 D 47 E 57 B 67
8 C 18 D 28 D 38 D 48 C 58 D 68
9 D 19 C 29 C 39 A 49 D 59 C 69
10 A 20 D 30 D 40 E 50 B 60 A 70
