Farmers and antibiotics in farming - yds reading sorusu

Farmers in many countries utilize antibiotics in two key ways: at full strength to treat animals that are sick and in low doses to fatten meat-producing livestock or to prevent veterinary illnesses. Although even the proper use of antibiotics can inadvertently lead to the spread of

drug resistant bacteria, the habit of using a low dose is a formula for disaster: the treatment provides just enough antibiotic to kill some but not all bacteria. The germs that survive are typically those that happen to bear genetic mutations for resisting the antibiotic. They then reproduce and exchange genes with other microbial resisters. As bacteria are found literally everywhere,

resistant strains produced in animals eventually find their way into people as well. You could not design a better system for guaranteeing the spread of antibiotic resistance. To cease the spread, Denmark enforced tighter rules on the use of antibiotics in the raising of poultry and other farm animals. The lesson is that improving animal husbandry – making sure that pens,

stalls and cages are properly cleaned and giving animals more room or time to mature – offsets the initial negative impact of limiting antibiotic use.

 

 

1-   It is understood from the passage that ----.

 

A) farmers mainly prefer using antibiotics as a

preventive measure for diseases

 

B) antibiotics are merely useful in treating the

contagious diseases of farm animals

 

C) continuous and heavy doses of antibiotics are crucial

for poultry

 

D) antibiotics are so far the only effective method to

fatten up meat-producing animals

 

E) poultry prices are affected by the spread of

contagious diseases

 

 

 

2-   It is implied in the passage that ----.

 

A) widespread use of antibiotics is intended to eliminate

the chances of a possible pandemic

 

B) using a low dose antibiotic compared to a heavy

dose is highly recommended for farmers

 

C) human beings should test the efficacy of using

antibiotics on other animals before using them on

poultry

 

D) increased antibiotic resistance in human beings is

due to the consumption of animal products with

antibiotic content

 

E) antibiotic resistance in poultry animals has led

scientists to find alternative solutions to fight off these bacteria

 

 

 

3-   According to the passage, ----.

 

A) the spread of bacterial infections in poultry may not

be avoided by improving physical conditions

 

B) the weight of the poultry mainly depends upon the

environment they are brought up in

 

C) strict regulations in Denmark are employed to

minimize the effects of antibiotic use on both poultry

and people

 

D) the maturation period of poultry in Denmark is

determined by the size of the animal

 

E) the productivity of poultry can best be analyzed

through the amount of the antibiotic used on the animal

 

4-   It is stated in the passage that antibiotics ----.

 

A) are crucial as they change the genetic mutations of

poultry

 

B) form the basis for microbial resistance of genes in

animals

 

C) are effective in restricting resistant strains of bacteria

in poultry

 

D) are employed to prevent a possible disease spread

from farm animals to human beings

 

E) may produce drug resistant bacteria, irrespective of

how carefully they are used

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1. A               2. D             3. C              4. E